ICS 65.020.30 CCS CAI B 43 团体 标准 T/CAI 004—2021 农场动物福利要求 奶牛 Farm animal welfare requirements - dairy cattle 2021 - 08 - 29发布 2021 - 09 - 01实施 中国农业国际合作 促进会 发布 全国团体标准信息平台 T/CAI 004—2021 I 目次 前言 ................................................................................ III 引言 ................................................................................. IV 1 范围 ............................................................................... 1 2 规范性引用文件 ..................................................................... 1 3 术语和定义 ......................................................................... 1 4 饲喂和饮水 ......................................................................... 1 4.1 饲喂 ........................................................................... 1 4.2 饮水 ........................................................................... 2 5 牛舍与设施 ......................................................................... 2 5.1 一般原则 ....................................................................... 2 5.2 牛舍建筑要求 ................................................................... 3 5.3 饲养方式和舍内布置 ............................................................. 3 5.4 卧床设计 ....................................................................... 4 5.5 挤奶厅 ......................................................................... 4 5.6 产房 ........................................................................... 4 5.7 犊牛栏（岛） ................................................................... 4 5.8 环境富集设施 ................................................................... 5 6 日常管理 ........................................................................... 5 6.1 日常观察 ....................................................................... 5 6.2 温、湿度与通风 ................................................................. 5 6.3 避免热、冷应激 ................................................................. 6 6.4 牛舍照明 ....................................................................... 6 6.5 躺卧区垫料 ..................................................................... 6 6.6 运动 ........................................................................... 6 6.7 粪污处理 ....................................................................... 6 7 各阶段牛群特定管理 ................................................................. 6 7.1 犊牛 ........................................................................... 6 7.1.1 出生管理 ................................................................... 6 7.1.2 饲喂 ....................................................................... 7 7.1.3 哺乳犊牛管理 ............................................................... 7 7.1.4 公牛犊 ..................................................................... 7 7.1.5 断奶 ....................................................................... 8 7.1.6 训练吃草 ................................................................... 8 7.2 后备牛 ......................................................................... 8 7.2.1 发育检查与营养调整 ......................................................... 8 7.2.2 交互吸吮预防 ............................................................... 8 7.2.3 配种/人工授精 .............................................................. 8 全国团体标准信息平台 T/CAI 004—2021 II 7.2.4 妊娠检查 ................................................................... 8 7.3 围产期母牛 ..................................................................... 8 7.3.1 围产期营养调控 ............................................................. 8 7.3.2 分娩管理 /接生与护理 ........................................................ 8 7.3.3 难产/助产 .................................................................. 9 7.3.4 产后恢复措施 ............................................................... 9 7.3.5 产科病防治 ................................................................. 9 7.4 泌乳母牛的乳房保